• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for removing impurities from a compressor stage compressor of a turbocharger which consists of a compressor inlet (1) opening into a compressor wheel (2) arranged on a shaft and having an insert (6) of the compressor installed or integrated in a volute casing (5) is associated, where further to the provided with a plurality of blades compressor wheel (2) the schaufeilose section (3) of the diffuser, which is preferably arranged with a blades (41) provided section (4) of the diffuser below, characterized in that the body of the diffuser or the spiral casing (5) is provided with a distribution groove (10) from which run out into the wall of the diffuser flushing nozzles (7) whose junctions are on the diameter Dinj, which is equal to the 1.03 to 1 , 30 times the outer diameter D2 of the impeller (2) of the compressor, the distribution groove (10) being designed to prevent escape of the Sp lmediums with seals (11, IIa) is provided and wherein the distribution groove (10) further connected to the inlet (8) of the flushing medium distribution conduit (9) is connected.
    公开号:AT513223A2
    申请号:T772/2013
    申请日:2009-10-22
    公开日:2014-02-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Man Diesel Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    i: • · Technical area • ♦ • · • · · · i • · ·
    The present invention relates to a device for removing contaminants from a compressor stage compressor of a turbocharger, which consists of a compressor inlet opening into a arranged on a shaft compressor impeller, which is associated with a built-in spiral housing or integrated insert of the compressor, where with the A plurality of blades provided with the compressor further the non-vane portion of the diffuser connects, which is preferably arranged with a vaned portion of the diffuser below.
    State of the art
    The exhaust-gas turbocharger is a turbomachine that uses the energy contained in exhaust gases for its own drive and serves to compress the air, which is then, after cooling, supplied to the cylinder of an internal combustion piston engine. The turbocharger consists of two main parts - the compressor section and the turbine section. The compressor compresses the air drawn into the engine and thus increases the volumetric efficiency of the latter as compared to a conventional, uncharged engine. The kinetic energy of the hot exhaust gases gives the speed of the turbine, which drives the compressor. The turbine rotated by the exhaust gases supplied from the combustion chamber of the engine is arranged from a common shaft with the compressor. With the further development of the specific performance of the engines, the demands on the relative degree of compression of the air in the turbocharger are also increased. However, proportional to the degree of compression also increases the temperature de air to be compressed, which is disadvantageous. In the engine, the higher temperature of the charge air causes a lowering of the efficiency. This problem is mostly due to the use • · «« · · ··· ····
    an intercooler (a so called Intercoolers) solved, which reduces the temperature of the charge air again. By compressing the charge air, the increase in the density thereof, the increase in the air mass content in the cylinder, the improvement of the temperature profile, the lowering of the production of nitrogen oxides, the improvement of the conditions for the lubrication of the cylinder and the reduction of the temperature of exhaust gases is achieved. With regard to the structure of the turbocharger, the increase in the degree of compression and the outlet temperature so far has only caused the change in the material used for the compressor wheel, the housing and the diffuser diffuser, provided that the latter component was used in the assembly. The current types of turbochargers use a radial compressor wheel mounted on a bearing-mounted shaft. At the opposite end of the shaft, the turbine runner is mounted, which can be provided with either axial or radial inlet. The compressor impeller is externally surrounded by the stator so that the play between the impeller and the stator remains as low as possible, the required reliability and reliability is obtained. After passing through the impeller, the compressed and heated air flows into the diffuser, which usually consists of a wall of the compressor housing and a counterpart wall associated with the bearing housing. In some cases the abdominal group also contains a diffuse diffuser. After passing through the diffuser, the air flows into the volute of the compressor, from where it is continued to the outlet flange, to which the intercooler and the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine are then connected. The compressor housing consists in most cases of a single-coat casting. In some cases, the double jacket housing is also used to prevent the external surface temperatures exceeding the maximum permissible values (eg see the article MTU's powerful 3/17 single-stage performer guide, August / September for four-strokes, Worldwide 2007). ,
    Turbocharger
    It appears problematic that the compressor stage of a turbocharger usually sucks in the air from the engine room, where vapors may occur, especially those of petroleum fractions.
    In many cases, the crankcase breather is connected to the inlet of the compressor, where also oil vapors occur, despite the upstream of a separator. These substances change their structure in the course of compression under the effect of increasing temperature and then adhere mainly to the outlet of the impeller, on the walls of the blade-less diffuser and on the blades and walls of the diffuser diffused. This undesirable effect occurs especially at high degrees of compression, which are already common in modern turbochargers. Over time, the adherent particles form a coherent layer that has several negative effects: it changes the averages of perfused components, forming with uneven thickness and thus increasing the residual
    Imbalance of the rotating parts as well as the stress on the profiles increases the surface roughness and worsens the heat transfer
    As a result of these phenomena, the efficiency is lowered and the operating characteristics of the compressor deteriorate. The elimination of the above negative phenomena was sought by shortening the maintenance intervals with mechanical cleaning of the components as well as the expansion of the rotor and the new balancing, with all the adverse consequences had to be expected. 4.17
    Typically, various types of diffuser are used for the radial compressor stages, for example, bladeless diffusers, blasted diffusers, diffusers with drilled channels, or the like. FIG. 1 shows an exemplary compressor stage provided with a diffuser. After the impeller of the compressor stage, the diffuser is arranged, which consists of a short blade-less and a bluffed portion, wherein on the latter, the compressed air is fed into the spiral housing. Within the impeller of the compressor stage, the work is discharged, which leads to an increase in the energy content in the gas, which has an external effect by increasing the pressure and the temperature thereof. In the stator of the compressor stage, the kinetic energy is converted into the pressure energy (potential energy). The total temperature of the gas is essentially no longer changing and the total pressure is only lowered due to the losses. The temperature of the vaneless section and the spalled section as well as that of the volute casing is close to the total temperature of the gas, which at high temperatures and densities may lead to the following technical difficulties: deterioration of the mechanical properties of
    Materials - Deterioration - Deformation - Sedimentation of constituents with airborne substances that change their structure at elevated temperatures, resulting in reduced efficiency
    For flushing the compressor stage, which is carried out during operation of the turbocharger, one usually uses the injected into the inlet of the compressor water. It will be 5/17
    exploited the dynamic effect of water droplets on the deposits on the blades. At higher efficiencies, however, the peripheral speeds are very high and after the impact of the drops of water on the impeller of the compressor, it is therefore fragmented into smaller drops whose effect is no longer sufficient. In addition, it comes through the compression of the sucked medium to further increase the temperature and consequently to the evaporation of the water. This then leads to a further reduction in the size of the drops and thus to attenuate the cleaning effect of the same. The area of the diffuser is not cleaned for the reasons mentioned above and thus the deposits are still accumulated here.
    Subject of the invention
    It is an object of the present invention to remove impurities from the diffuser of the compressor stage, particularly from the spilled portion thereof, where the negative impact of the contaminants is most apparent, in a process to be implemented during operation of the engine, independently of the diffuser type.
    This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Preferred and advantageous embodiments are subject of the dependent claims.
    To remove contaminants from the diffuser of a turbocharger, the area of the blade-less diffuser is provided with at least two nozzles connected to the inlet of a flushing medium, wherein the density and the pressure of the flushing medium are higher than the density or the pressure of the medium to be compacted the flushing medium under the effect of existing in the nozzle pressure in front of the blades of the diffuser in the 6/17
    • · ·
    Stream of the medium to be compressed is sprayed to be taken by the latter to the surfaces of the walls and the blades of the diffuser, where the flushing medium further splinters and repels and thus exerts a dynamic effect on the deposits, which is then separated from the main stream of the to be compressed medium and the flushing medium are carried away from the Vedichter, said cleaning process runs periodically for a period of at least 5 seconds.
    It is advantageous if the above-mentioned method for removing impurities from the turbocharger diffuser repeatedly takes place at predetermined time intervals between 6 and 36 hours.
    According to the invention, it is provided that the body of the diffuser or the volute casing is provided with a distribution groove from which depart into the wall of the diffuser flushing nozzles whose junctions are on the diameter Dinj, which is equal to 1.03 to 1.30 times the outside diameter D2 of the impeller of the compressor, the distribution groove being provided with seals for the purpose of preventing escape of the purge medium, and the distribution groove being further connected to the distribution line connected to the inlet of the purge medium. The flushing nozzles can open into either the inner wall or the outer wall of the diffuser, optionally in the two walls of the same. The seals can either be mounted only in the compressor housing or only in the annular surface of the diffuser, optionally in the same manner and meadow. In order to increase the efficiency in the removal of impurities from the compressor stage diffuser of a turbocharger, it is advantageous if the volute casing is provided with distribution grooves, which are used both in the 7/17 ···· · · 7 · · · · · · ···································································································.
    Depart inside wall and in the outer wall of the diffuser flushing nozzles, the junctions of the flushing nozzles are on the diameter Dinj.
    The basic advantage of the invention is that in the region of the blade-less portion of the diffuser, which is arranged after the outlet of the impeller, a certain number of nozzles is formed, the - for example, provided by a provided in the disc diffuser diffuser groove - in given Time intervals the pressurized flushing medium is supplied, the density and the pressure of which are significantly higher than the density or the pressure of the medium to be compressed. The supplied flushing medium passes through the nozzles in the flow of the medium to be compacted, where it follows different trajectories due to its different density than the main flow, thereby forming sufficient dynamic effects, which exert on the surfaces of the walls and the blades of the diffuser, and thus cause the further splintering and rebound of the medium, which further increases the dynamic effects. These dynamic effects disrupt the deposits, which are then carried away by the mainstream. This cleaning process is periodic, at predetermined intervals, with no need to change the power of the charged motor.
    The above-mentioned cleaning method has the following advantages: it removes the foreign matter from that part of the compressor whose contamination has the strongest influence on lowering the parameters of the compressor stage; it is no longer necessary to reduce the engine's output or even the To stop the engine 8/17 • • • • • • • • • • • the interval between repairs is extended, the downtimes are reduced • there is no deterioration in the characteristics of the compressor stage • the process is simple • the service life of the components of the compressor stage is not impaired Overview of figures in the drawings
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the compressor stage with the blasted diffuser, FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the compressor stage with illustration of the distribution of the flushing medium and the nozzles for spraying it in the area in front of the blasted diffuser, FIG. Section through the compressor stage with an illustration of the distribution of the flushing medium and the nozzle for spraying thereof, which open into both the inner wall and in the outer wall of the diffuser.
    In the drawings, only those parts of the compressor stage are shown, which are required for understanding the invention. The flow through the flushing medium and the working gas is illustrated by means of the arrows.
    Exemplary embodiments of the invention
    The method for removing contaminants from the diffuser of a turbocharger is further illustrated by some preferred embodiments.
    The method for removing contaminants is that the area of the blade-less diffuser lying immediately after the impeller of the compressor with at least two at the 9/17
    «I · * < · «• · ·
    Inlet of a flushing medium connected nozzles is provided, wherein the density and the pressure of the flushing medium are higher than the density or the pressure of the medium to be compressed (preferably 100 to 2000 times or 1.05 to 20 times higher), whereupon the flushing medium the effect of the existing pressure in the nozzle in the area in front of the blades of the diffuser is sprayed into the flow of the medium to be compressed, to be taken by the latter to the surfaces of the walls and the blades of the diffuser, where the flushing medium continues to splinter and and thus exerts a dynamic effect on the deposits, which are thereby disrupted and subsequently carried away from the main flow of the medium to be compressed and the flushing medium from the compressor, this cleaning process being periodically, at predetermined intervals (usually, but not exclusively, 6 to 36 hours) runs, namely for at least 5 seconds each.
    The design principle of the device for flushing the diffuser and the associated parts of a turbocharger in the context of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, to which it is not limited.
    The turbocharger consists of the compressor stage and of the exhaust gas turbine, which is not shown in the drawings. The basic arrangement of the compressor stage of the turbocharger is shown in the partial section of Fig. 1. The arrangement comprises an entire assembly whose parts allow the suction and compression of the gas. In this embodiment, the compressor stage consists of the inlet 1 and the impeller 2 of the compressor stage, which is assigned to the installed in the volute casing 5 insert 6 of the compressor, and it is also conceivable that the insert 6 of the compressor is integrated in the volute casing 5 and so with the same forms an item. 10/17 .tf ····· «• · · o • · · · · · · ···
    I · · f * I
    The impeller 2 of the compressor stage, which is provided with a plurality of blades and supported on a shaft, is tracked by the blade-less portion 3 of the diffuser to which the bluff-side portion 4 provided with the blades 41 adjoins. The blasted section 4 then opens into the spiral housing 5, to which usually an outlet diffuser provided with a connection flange connects (not illustrated in FIG. 1).
    An exemplary embodiment of the apparatus for flushing a (spill-free or paddle-less) diffuser is shown in Figure 2, where the flushing medium is supplied from one side. The device for flushing the diffuser comprises in this embodiment, the impeller 2 of the compressor, which is associated with the insert 6 of the compressor, which is integrated in this example in the spiral housing 5 so that it forms an item with the latter. The insert 6 of the compressor may also be formed as a separate component, as can be seen in Fig. 1. The impeller 2 of the compressor stage is further traced by the vaneless portion 3 of the diffuser to which the blasted portion 4 adjoins, with the blades 41 is provided. It can be seen in the figure that the distribution groove 10 is formed in the spiral housing 5, from which the nozzles 7 opening into the inner wall 12 of the diffuser exit. The junctions of the nozzles 7 are on the diameter Dinj of the inner wall 12 of the diffuser, which is 1.03 to 1.30 times larger than the outer diameter D2 of the impeller 2 of the compressor stage. Against undesirable losses of the flushing medium, the distribution groove 10 is sealed with the outer seal 11 and with the inner seal 11a. The distribution groove 10 is connected by means of the appropriately designed distribution line 9 'with the inlet 8 of the flushing medium. However, embodiments are also conceivable which provide the inlet 8 of the flushing medium, 11/17, the distribution line 9 and the distribution groove 10 on the opposite side, so that the nozzles 7 open into the outer wall 13 of the diffuser.
    Another exemplary embodiment of the device for flushing a (spill-free or paddle-less) diffuser is shown in Figure 3, where the flushing medium is supplied from both sides. In this case the design is identical. The flushing medium is in this case supplied from both sides and the nozzles 7 open into both the inner wall 12 and in the outer wall 13 of the diffuser.
    During operation of the compressor stage, the flushing medium, whose pressure and density are significantly higher than the pressure or the density of the gas to be compressed, at predetermined time intervals via the inlet 8, the distribution line 9 and the distribution groove 10 in the nozzles 7 out of the it is sprayed into the stream of gas to be compressed. Due to the different density and size of the particles, the flushing medium follows different trajectories than the main flow of the gas to be compressed and thus impinges on the inner wall 12 and the outer wall 13 of the diffuser and on the surfaces of the blades 41, which then under the effect of the kinetic energy of the Rinsing medium to be cleaned. The flushing medium is thereby selected so that it evaporates after passing through the inlet region of the compressor stage, after which it can flow, without undesired effects, into the cylinders of the engine, mixed with the main flow of the gas to be compressed.
    Industrial availability
    The design principle of purging the compressor diffuser according to the present invention is particularly useful in the compressors of turbochargers, combustion turbines o. The like., Which are operated with a gas stream, the vapors such. **. 1.2 ····· - • ·% · ···········································
    Contains substances that change their structure during the compression process under the effect of pressure and temperature changes and adhere to the components of the compressor stage, thereby affecting the thermodynamic and operational parameters of the latter. The rinsing, which is carried out at predetermined time intervals with a certain amount of the rinsing medium, allows the deposits to be removed. Thus, at the same time the impairment of the parameters of the compressor can be excluded or at least considerably limited. Thanks to this advantage, it is not necessary to shorten the service intervals because of the necessary cleaning of the components of the compressor. 13/17
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    . * Vr. • · 9999 • 9. * Vr. • 9999 • 9 • 9 9 • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 1. Apparatus for removing contaminants a compressor of a compressor of a turbocharger, which consists of a compressor inlet (1) opening into a compressor wheel (2) arranged on a shaft, to which is assigned an insert piece (6) of the compressor installed or integrated in a volute casing (5) a compressor wheel (2) provided with a plurality of vanes, further adjoining the vaneless section (3) of the diffuser, which is preferably followed by a section (4) of the diffuser provided with vanes (41), characterized in that the body of the diffuser or the diffuser Spiral housing (5) with a distribution groove (10) is provided, depart from which in the wall of the diffuser flushing nozzles (7) whose junctions are on the diameter Dinj, which is equal to 1.03 to 1.30 times the Au the distribution groove (10) is provided with seals (11, 11a) to prevent escape of the flushing medium, and wherein the distribution groove (10) continues to contact the inlet (8) of the flushing medium connected distribution line (9) is connected.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rinsing nozzles (7) open into either the inner wall (12) or in the outer wall (13) of the diffuser, optionally in the two walls (12, 13) thereof. 14/17
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT513223B1|2014-12-15|
    AT513223A3|2014-07-15|
    CZ2008656A3|2010-05-05|
    AT507450B1|2014-02-15|
    CZ305822B6|2016-03-30|
    AT507450A2|2010-05-15|
    AT507450A3|2013-07-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    SE456687B|1982-01-04|1988-10-24|Gen Electric|Centrifugal compressor with injection of a removable liquid|
    EP1664546A1|2003-09-25|2006-06-07|Abb Research Ltd.|Compressor cleaning system|
    JP2008248726A|2007-03-29|2008-10-16|Osaka Gas Co Ltd|Supercharged engine|JP2014084762A|2012-10-22|2014-05-12|Otics Corp|Turbo charger|
    JP6030992B2|2013-04-26|2016-11-24|株式会社オティックス|Turbocharger|
    法律状态:
    2015-06-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: MAN DIESEL & TURBO SE, DE Effective date: 20150422 |
    2019-01-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: MAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS SE, DE Effective date: 20181204 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CZ2008-656A|CZ305822B6|2008-10-23|2008-10-23|Device to remove contaminants from turbocharger diffuser|
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